Urethritis is an inflammation of the urethra, the tube that carries urine from the bladder to the outside of the body. This condition can result from various causes, including infections, irritants, and underlying health issues.

Common infectious causes of urethritis include sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia and gonorrhea, which are often transmitted through sexual activity. Non-STI bacterial infections can also lead to urethritis, particularly in cases of urinary tract infections (UTIs).

Irritants such as soaps, lotions, or spermicides can provoke inflammation, leading to urethritis without an underlying infection. Additionally, physical trauma, such as from vigorous sexual activity or the insertion of foreign objects, may cause irritation and subsequent urethritis.

In more complex cases, underlying health conditions like autoimmune disorders or anatomical abnormalities can also contribute to the development of urethritis.

Symptoms typically include a burning sensation during urination, discharge from the urethra, and increased frequency or urgency to urinate. Treatment is usually determined by the underlying cause and may involve antibiotics for infections or avoiding irritants for non-infectious cases.

Understanding the various causes of urethritis is essential for effective diagnosis and treatment, particularly in sexually active individuals where STIs are a significant concern.